ex tempore

Thân thiện

The speaker delivered an ex tempore speech at the ceremony.

Definition

1. Adverb:
   • Without preparation or rehearsal; spoken or done on the spur of the moment: "ex tempore" describes an action, especially speaking or performing, that is done without prior planning or notes.

Usage

• The word "ex tempore" is a formal adverb, often used in academic, legal, or performance contexts. It describes an act of improvisation or immediate response.
• It is synonymous with "impromptu" or "extemporaneously."
• Position in Sentence: It typically modifies a verb and can appear at the beginning or end of a clause.
  • The lawyer addressed the judge ex tempore.
  • Ex tempore, she delivered a moving tribute.

Examples

• Adverb:
  • The professor's lecture was delivered ex tempore, without any notes.
  • He is a brilliant debater who can argue complex points ex tempore.
  • The pianist played an ex tempore variation on the theme.

Advanced Usage

• In legal contexts: Refers to a judicial ruling or opinion given orally immediately after a hearing, without a written draft.
  • The magistrate gave an ex tempore judgment.
• In rhetoric and performance: Highlights skill in spontaneous composition.
  • Her ex tempore remarks at the ceremony were more heartfelt than the prepared speech.

Variants and Related Words

• Extemporaneous (adj): Done or spoken without preparation.
  • He gave an extemporaneous speech.
• Extemporize (verb): To compose or perform without preparation.
  • She had to extemporize when her notes were lost.

Synonyms

• Impromptu: Done without being planned or rehearsed.
• Offhand: Without previous thought or preparation.
• Ad-lib: To speak or perform without preparation.
• Spontaneously: In a spontaneous manner.

Antonyms

• Prepared: Made ready for use.
• Rehearsed: Practiced beforehand.
• Planned: Decided on or arranged in advance.
• Scripted: Following a written text.

Related Phrases

• To speak off the cuff: To speak without preparation (informal equivalent).
  • I'll just have to speak off the cuff about the project.
• Winging it: To do something without preparation (very informal).
  • He didn't study for the presentation, so he's just winging it.

Học thuật

Adverb

1. without preparation
   • I don't know the figures off-hand

Từ đồng nghĩa

• off-hand